aegypti distributions and related disease outbreaks are known to be associated with temperature, humidity, and rainfall/precipitation. aegypti in urban settings has prompted research into the coupled human-natural systems that support their oviposition, development, and survival. Understanding factors that facilitate the propagation of these important disease vectors is critical to planning surveillance, vector containment, and disease prevention. Vector control efforts are critical to reduce the health burden of these diseases in endemic areas and to prevent their expansion into new regions. These characteristics have facilitated the widespread distribution of the vectors and viruses they transmit. They are also highly adaptable, developing the ability to exploit previously uninhabited niches, such as larval development in septic tanks, and to alter diurnal feeding patterns. They are highly anthropophilic and exploit small breeding sites near human habitation. These mosquitoes thrive in urban environments. Graphical AbstractĪedes aegypti mosquitoes are key vectors for dengue, chikungunya, Zika, and yellow fever viruses. This possible outcome should be addressed to reduce the potential for outbreaks of Aedes-borne diseases in desert cities. City climate change adaptation plans often include green spaces and vegetation cover to increase resilience to extreme heat, but these may unintentionally create hospitable microclimates for Ae. Many models predict that climate change will drive aridification in some heavily populated regions, including those where Ae. This association was partially explained by higher densities of non-native landscaping in wealthier neighborhoods a 1% increase in the density of tree cover around the trap was associated with a ~ 7% higher count of Ae. Counts were significantly positively associated with higher socioeconomic status. aegypti from 2014 to 2017 were joined with US Census data, precipitation and temperature data, and 2015 land cover from high-resolution (1 m) aerial images from the National Agricultural Imagery Program. Maricopa County Environmental Services conducts weekly mosquito surveillance with CO 2-baited Encephalitis Vector Survey or BG-Sentinel traps at > 850 locations throughout the county. aegypti abundance in Maricopa County, Arizona, home to Phoenix metropolitan area. We investigated associations between socioeconomic and built environment factors and Ae. aegypti mosquitoes, yet their populations are well established in many desert cities. High temperatures and aridity theoretically make arid lands inhospitable for Ae. Understanding coupled human-environment factors which promote Aedes aegypti abundance is critical to preventing the spread of Zika, chikungunya, yellow fever and dengue viruses.
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